依式行文,文笔素朴,结构严谨.Formational style of writing and strict in structure.内容丰富,结构严谨,体系完备,博大精深rich contents,perfect system,broad andprofound meaning,简洁流畅,层次井然,结构严谨,文字生动,颇富幽默,笔调轻松Simple and smooth,orderly hierarchy,rigorous structure,vivid characters,quite humorous,delightful。
运用英语写作的能力,作为四项基本语言技能之一,其重要性是为英语教学界所公认的。
然而,在当前的英语教学实践中,存在这样一种现状:教师重视英语写作训练,但却忽视对学生作文的反馈,未能正确认识自己在学生作文批改中所扮演的角色。翻开学生的作业本,看到的多是简单的对、错符号或分数或等级,几乎没有评语,至多是千篇一律的Good / Not bad / All right / Ok或Perfect。
以致许多学生对教师的这些简单评语感到莫名其妙,无法正确认识自己的写作水平。以下是本人结合自己的教学实践和亲身体会,就如何写好英语作文评语,及时向学生反馈指导性的意见,浅谈一下自己的几点看法。
一、评语中的语法修改不仅要让学生知其然,更要知其所以然。 中学生在学习英语的过程中,最大的难题就是动词及其用法。
由于汉语中动词没有时态变化,英汉的这一差别往往会干扰学生正确使用英语时态。如在表达“我差点忘了。”
此意思时,学生在作文中写成“I almost forget.”。其实,此例句独立表意,不受上下文的限制。
在评语中,教师应引导学生进行这样的逻辑思维:The action "forget" just now happened, so we should use the Past Tense。Its use is something like the verbs--know / think / recognize…. Do you still remember the sentence--- “Sorry, I didn't recognize you." 学生写记叙文时常混用时态。
如,When my cousin was a child, he likes sports and reading. He played volleyball, basketball and so on. He is reading many books about scientists such as Einstein, Madam Curie, Edision etc. And he wants to be a scientist after he graduates the university. 这段文字虽时态混乱,但内容不错,简单地否定或肯定都是不对的,轻则使学生茫然失措,重则挫伤他们的学习兴趣和积极性,比较好的方法是先表扬做得对的地方后纠正错误的地方。我们可以批上:How lovely your cousin is. So are you. In your composition, you meant well, but try to make the tense correct. If you take your story as a past event, use the Past Tense all the way; if you make your story seem to take place now, use the Present Tense. You cant't use tenses at randam! 又如我们教师在批改上面的例文时,如果仅仅在 graduate后添上 from,其结果是接受能力稍差的学生会不知道它为什么这样算正确。
但我们教师若再画龙点睛地在旁边批上: “graduate”是不及物动词,其后与from搭配才能接宾语。Remember! 这样,学生就会一目了然。
二、评语要从语篇层次上指导学生如何谋篇布局。 在作文批改中,只是订正学生所犯的语法错误是不够的。
在学生习作中常常会出现一些句子,本身并没有错,却是一些涉及到语义整体中有关逻辑纽带、语法纽带和词汇纽带的问题,即是语篇质量方面的失误。对于这些失误,不能简单地以非对即错来论处,无法用语法去解释,而是要靠形成语篇时所应遵循的原则去处理,即要分析语篇的有效性、表达的得体性,并讨论遣词造句是否合乎所用语言的习惯性。
例如,在笔者所任教的高三毕业生的习作中有这样的一个句子:“Teachers' Day is coming. I'm going to see my middle-school English teacher next week. 从句子平面看,既无语法错误,亦无书写错误。但从深层上分析,不难看出句子受到严重的母语干扰,且选词不当,造成意义模糊,影响了交流的有效性。
批改时,笔者不仅在 English teacher 下划一条横线以示错误,并在此句旁边写道: Enjoy yourself with your teacher on the coming Teachers' Day. But I wonder who you are going to visit next week, a teacher from England or a teacher who teaches you English. 后来该学生修改后交上来:“I'm going to visit my teacher who taught me English in the middle school. 又如在学生写作中发现一个精彩的句子,我们教师应及时给予表扬,可批上:oh, what a nice sentence! / It's very clever of you to end(begin) your work with this beautiful sentence. …… 三、作文评语要以情导知,注意师生间的情感沟通。 前苏联著名教育家霍姆林斯基认为:“情感如同肥沃的土壤,知识的种子就播种在这片土壤上。”
教学过程一旦触及学生的情感和意志领域,触及学生的精神需要,这种教学就能发挥高度有效的作用。 长期以来,有的学校一味地抓应试教育,以分数论英雄。
于是很多教师只注重对作文本身进行评价,评语中批评多于表扬,纠错多于激励,结果容易使学生在写作时产生急躁、焦急、恐惧、恼怒等负情感体验,从而对培养学生写作能力产生干扰作用。笔者认为,现在的中学生大多数为独生子女,过多的要求甚至批评难以凑效。
“愉快教育”才能适应现代化教育发展的需要。我们教师可在评语中给以学生恰如其分的评价,并表达对他们的希望。
只要这些希望是真诚的、适时的和有内容的,学生就会从中理解老师对他们的信任、关心和爱心,从而转化为学习的动力。 学期伊始,给差生的评语中要批评但更要多几分鼓励。
例如: John, don't you think you were a little lazy in the last term? Now, a new term begins and I hope you can work harder just from 。
从这两篇作文来看,你的词汇量及句法的运用是不错的.先说第一篇,提示的信息都已经包括在内了,但是我觉得句子用得有点生硬.给出的信息只是起到提示的作用,不一定要逐字逐句的翻译.比如文中提到“学生的反应:喜欢该课外活动,能放松心情、校园生活更丰富充实”,而且你是以第一人称写的,所以你就是以该校学生的身份在写.The responses of the students indicate that they like these after-class activities for the reason that they can not only relax and refresh their minds but also make their school life more wonderful.就可以改成we enjoy these after-class activities because they can not only relax and refresh our minds but also make our school life more wonderful.就行了啊,注意文章的人称要保持一致. Physical exercise\reading\singing\musical instrument playing and English games are included.这句话也可以改改,就直接用there are physical exercise.就可以了,简单,明了.另外,注意句子与句子直接的连接,可以适当运用一些关联词.第二篇文章写得不错,文章结构、层次都很好,有一小点错误,instead of后要加V-ing。
时态上来讲,运用过去式其实可以,因为记录的是一天中的事.当然,用一般现也行(也就是你现在用的这个事态).There are many people are rowing boats in the lake.——There are 的“are”若是全篇用过去式,可改为“were”“.若是一般现,则不变.“people“后面的“are”去掉.Suddenly,a small girl few down in the water——这里的“few"应该是“fall”,如果你全篇采用过去式,那么则把“few”改为“fell”.如果全篇用的一般现,则改为“falls”(三人称单数).此外,“down”改为“into”.因为是掉入水中,介词很形象,“入”就用“into”.“the water”的“the”可以不要.but he jumped in to ------”jumped“是过去式就不变,一般现就改为“jumps;'.“in”和“to”应该连起来用作“into”to the boat-------“the”改为“a”好些,因为这个“船”前面没有提到,“the”有时候表示强调.The girl was very grate to him.——“grate”改为“grateful”.对某人心存感激,用短语“be grateful to "总的来说,文章意思还是明朗的.就是有点失态混乱.要么就全部用过去式,要么就全部用一般现.尽量不要一处过去式,一处一般现那样.很多时候,老师会很注意看文章时态,时态错误就很严重了.还有一些小问题,自己多注意以下.不懂的可以问问老师.以上供参考.。
我根据你写的意思改写了一下,你可以对照看看,我认为这样的表达会更贴切.what does happiness mean?i think it is east to answer this question,because happiness all lies in the daily life and somethings you do everyday.people always pursue happiness by doing things they lilke,for example,they work hard to earn more money,to get prerogative,or just by simply having their favorite food.however,i think happiness is more than all of these things.for example,friendship and knowledge can also bring us happiness.to be more specific,in my opinion,study hard and acquire more knowledge is one of the major way to persue happiness.because we can not only feel happy when learning new things,we can also get to know how to creat happiness in the process of learning.what's more,sharing things with people around you or helping others are also important ways to feel happy.because when you do so,you can turn one person's happy into two,or even more.in a word,we can get more positive energy and feel more happy by learning more,sharing more,and helping others more.。
in my opinion,it is better for us to be taught in both English and Chinese.It's easy to get across.Because not every class have too many top-students,the way is good for all classes.Every coin have two sides.The way makes the atmosphere bad.And it's not good for us to promote listening and speaking skills.Finally we may too depend on Chinese and ignore the importence of English.IN my view.I think teachers should increase useing English in class when students' English coming better and better.。