HTTP请求，在日常开发中，还是比较常见的，今天给大家分享HttpUtils如何使用。

阅读本文，你将收获：

• 简单总结HTTP请求常用配置；
• JavaLib中HttpUtils如何使用；
• 如何封装HTTP请求工具类。

第一部分：简单总结HTTP请求常用配置

大家好，在 Java 开发中，经常遇到需要调用第三方提供的接口服务，常见的形式是 HTTP + JSON，下面，就对 http 请求常见的设置，做一个说明

http提供多种请求方式，以满足我们日常需要，先按请求方式来做说明：

• GET
• POST
• PUT
• PATCH
• DELETE

在 RESTful API 开发中，我们可以根据这些请求方式设计我们的API接口。举例：

• GET：获取资源
• POST：提交资源
• PUT：更新完整资源
• PATCH：更新部分资源
• DELETE：删除资源

参数格式

• form表单
• json

其他

• 超时时间设置

第二部分：使用JavaLib的HttpUtils

简单的get请求

System.out.println(HttpUtils.get("https://www.baidu.com"));

响应结果：

   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
       
 
 
 
 新闻 hao123 地图 视频 贴吧   更多产品 
 
 
 
 
 
 关于百度 About Baidu 
 
©2017 Baidu 使用百度前必读  意见反馈 京ICP证030173号   
 
 
 
  

通过简单尝试，证明两点：

• 一是，这个还是可以使用的；
• 二是，原来使用如此简单。

如果要你手写一个http请求，或许你脑海里一篇空白，会去搜索各种资料。

我们再试一个复杂的

接口：

接口地址：https://erwin-api.fengwenyi.com/erwin/blog/page
请求方法：GET
参数：currentPage，pageSize
参数格式：form
响应：application/json

String url = "https://erwin-api.fengwenyi.com/erwin/bookmark/page?currentPage=1&pageSize=10";Request request = new Request();
request.setUrl(url);
request.setMethod(Request.Method.GET);Map headerMap = new HashMap<>();
headerMap.put("Accept", "application/json");Request.Option option = new Request.Option();
option.setHeaders(headerMap);try {System.out.println(HttpUtils.execute(request, option));
} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);
}

响应结果：

{"code":"SUCCESS","message":"Success","success":true,"header":null,"body":{"currentPage":1,"pageSize":10,"totalRows":661,"totalPages":67,"content":[{"id":"1634772578877935617","timestamp":1678595130000,"enabledState":null,"name":"VScode 中文显示出现黄色方框的解决方法_vscode汉字被框住_YJer的博客-CSDN博客","url":"https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33249042/article/details/123252625","icon":null,"classifyName":"软件","classifyId":"1522587269600481281"},{"id":"1632640455110922241","timestamp":1678086792000,"enabledState":null,"name":"Spring中init-method和destroy-method的四种方式_星夜孤帆的博客-CSDN博客","url":"https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38826019/article/details/117387398","icon":null,"classifyName":"Spring","classifyId":"1522586360887742466"},{"id":"1631597310596190209","timestamp":1677838087000,"enabledState":null,"name":"vue3 + elemenplus实现导航栏 - 掘金","url":"https://juejin.cn/post/7084871748608327687","icon":null,"classifyName":"前端","classifyId":"1525554881275990018"},{"id":"1631593154401636354","timestamp":1677837096000,"enabledState":null,"name":"Spring bean 创建过程源码解析 - 腾讯云开发者社区-腾讯云","url":"https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1631160","icon":null,"classifyName":"Spring","classifyId":"1522586360887742466"},{"id":"1631592987673858050","timestamp":1677837056000,"enabledState":null,"name":"SpringBoot之容器启动源码分析与Bean加载_springboot加载bean 源码_minemine0418的博客-CSDN博客","url":"https://blog.csdn.net/minemine0418/article/details/102308912","icon":null,"classifyName":"Spring Boot","classifyId":"1522586446766116865"},{"id":"1631586585454678018","timestamp":1677835530000,"enabledState":null,"name":"Spring-Bean生命周期 - 知乎","url":"https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/158468104","icon":null,"classifyName":"Spring","classifyId":"1522586360887742466"},{"id":"1631579732104548354","timestamp":1677833896000,"enabledState":null,"name":"一文读懂 Spring Bean 的生命周期_spring bean的生命周期_老周聊架构的博客-CSDN博客","url":"https://blog.csdn.net/riemann_/article/details/118500805","icon":null,"classifyName":"Spring","classifyId":"1522586360887742466"},{"id":"1630768897186697218","timestamp":1677640578000,"enabledState":null,"name":"MySQL同时统计多个条件的记录条数_ztnhnr的博客-CSDN博客","url":"https://blog.csdn.net/ztnhnr/article/details/107165942","icon":null,"classifyName":"MySQL","classifyId":"1522586805693681666"},{"id":"1630768792098410497","timestamp":1677640553000,"enabledState":null,"name":"sql查询近七天，近两周，近一个月的数据_sql最近一周数据_心诚则灵＇的博客-CSDN博客","url":"https://blog.csdn.net/wenchangwenliu/article/details/119891790","icon":null,"classifyName":"MySQL","classifyId":"1522586805693681666"},{"id":"1630480535938764801","timestamp":1677571827000,"enabledState":null,"name":"开源流程引擎哪个好，如何选型？ - 知乎","url":"https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/369761832","icon":null,"classifyName":"Java","classifyId":"1522586296119300097"}]}
}

响应结果，还是符合预期的。

当然，HTTP还有其他，比如超时等等，下面看看完整版的请求示例：

Map paramMap = new HashMap<>();
paramMap.put("currentPage", 1);
paramMap.put("pageSize", 10);Map headerMap = new HashMap<>();
headerMap.put("Accept", "application/json");Request request = new Request();
request.setUrl("https://erwin-api.fengwenyi.com/erwin/bookmark/page");
request.setParam(paramMap);
request.setMethod(Request.Method.GET);
request.setUtil(Request.Util.OkHttp);Request.Option option = new Request.Option();
option.setHeaders(headerMap);
option.setConnectTimeoutSecond(3);
option.setReadTimeoutSecond(5);
option.setLogLevel(Request.LogLevel.DEBUG);try {String result = HttpUtils.execute(request, option);System.out.println(result);
} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);
}

响应结果也是跟上面一样的。

第三部分：分享HttpUtils是如何封装的

首先是 Request 和 Response 对应HTTP的请求和响应，包路径如下：

• com.fengwenyi.javalib.http.Request
• com.fengwenyi.javalib.http.Response

另外，com.fengwenyi.javalib.http.Request.Option 来存放HTTP参数配置。

这一部分的思路来源是 Spring Cloud OpenFeign。

为了兼容多种HTTP工具实现请求，引入了 HttpClientFactory，其他工具类，只要实现 HttpClient 接口，就行。

• com.fengwenyi.javalib.http.client.HttpClient
• com.fengwenyi.javalib.http.client.HttpClientFactory

欧克，下面我们就以代码来看看：

HttpUtils#execute

public static String execute(Request request, Request.Option option) throws IOException {check(request);HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientFactory.get(request.getUtil());Response response = httpClient.execute(request, option);return handleResponse(response);
}

HttpClientFactory#get

public static HttpClient get(Request.Util httpUtil) {if (Request.Util.JDK == httpUtil) {return new JdkHttpClient();} else if (Request.Util.OkHttp == httpUtil) {return new OkHttpClient();} else {throw new RuntimeException("not find http util: " + httpUtil.name());}
}

所以，只需要实现 HttpClient#execute 接口就行。

Response execute(Request request, Request.Option option) throws IOException;